Journal of Immunotoxicology, 2020
Collinge M, Schneider P, Li D, Parish S, Dumont C, Freebern W, Ghanime J, Guimont-Derochers F, Langenkamp A, Lebron J, Li N, Marban C, Plitnick L, Wheeler J
Nonclinical immunotoxicity evaluation is an important component of safety assessment for pharmaceuticals. One in vitro assay that can be applied in a weight of evidence assessment is the human lymphocyte activation (HuLA) assay, an antigen recall assay, similar in many respects to the in vivo T-cell-dependent antibody response (TDAR) in that cooperation of multiple immune cell types are needed to produce responses. This assay uses human cells and is more amenable than the TDAR to compound ranking and mechanistic studies.
Journal of Immunotoxicology, 2020
Kamperschroer C, Shenton J, Lebrec H, Leighton JK, Moore PA, Thomas O
Currently, there is a multitude of CD3 bispecifics with different molecular designs and binding properties in preclinical and clinical development for the treatment of liquid or solid tumors. The key safety concerns with CD3 bispecifics are excessive release of cytokines, which may translate to potentially life-threating cytokine release syndrome (CRS), target organ toxicity due to redirection of T-cells to normal tissues expressing the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) (off-tumor/on-target cytotoxicity), and, in some instances, neurotoxicity.
Pharmaceutics, 2020
Van den Anker JN, McCune S, Annaert P, Baer GR, Mulugeta Y, Abdelrahman R, Wu K, Krudys KM, Fisher J, Slikker W, Chen C, Burckart GJ, Allegaert K
Drug dosing in neonates should be based on integrated knowledge concerning the disease to be treated, the physiological characteristics of the neonate, and the pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of a given drug. It is critically important that all sources of information be leveraged to optimize dose selection for neonates. Sources may include data from adult studies, pediatric studies, non-clinical (juvenile) animal models, in vitro studies, and in silico models.
Toxicological Sciences, 2020
Sutherland VL, McQueen CA, Mendrick D, Gulezian D, Cerniglia C, Foley S, Forry S, Khare S, Liang X, Manautou JE, Tweedie D, Young H, Alekseyenko AV, Burns F, Dietert R, Wilson A, Chen C
There is an increasing awareness that the gut microbiome plays a critical role in human health and disease, but mechanistic insights are often lacking. In June 2018, HESI held a workshop, “The Gut Microbiome: Markers of Human Health, Drug Efficacy and Xenobiotic Toxicity” to identify data gaps in determining how gut microbiome alterations may affect human health. A series of key recommendations were formulated to focus efforts to further understand host-microbiome interactions and the consequences of exposure to xenobiotics as well as identifying biomarkers of microbiome-associated disease and toxicity.
Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 2020
Tan YM, Chan M, Chukwudebe A, Domoradzki J, Fisher J, Hack CE, Hinderliter P, Hirasawa K, Leonard J, Lumen A, Paini A, Qian H, Ruiz P, Wambaugh J, Zhang F, Embry M
Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling analysis does not stand on its own for regulatory purposes but is a robust tool to support drug/chemical safety assessment. While the development of PBPK models have grown steadily since their emergence, only a handful of models have been accepted to support regulatory purposes due to obstacles such as the lack of a standardized template for reporting PBPK analysis. Here, we expand the existing guidances designed for pharmaceutical applications by recommending additional elements that are relevant to environmental chemicals.
