Journal of Immunotoxicology, 2020
Collinge M, Schneider P, Li D, Parish S, Dumont C, Freebern W, Ghanime J, Guimont-Derochers F, Langenkamp A, Lebron J, Li N, Marban C, Plitnick L, Wheeler J
Nonclinical immunotoxicity evaluation is an important component of safety assessment for pharmaceuticals. One in vitro assay that can be applied in a weight of evidence assessment is the human lymphocyte activation (HuLA) assay, an antigen recall assay, similar in many respects to the in vivo T-cell-dependent antibody response (TDAR) in that cooperation of multiple immune cell types are needed to produce responses. This assay uses human cells and is more amenable than the TDAR to compound ranking and mechanistic studies.
Journal of Immunotoxicology, 2020
Kamperschroer C, Shenton J, Lebrec H, Leighton JK, Moore PA, Thomas O
Currently, there is a multitude of CD3 bispecifics with different molecular designs and binding properties in preclinical and clinical development for the treatment of liquid or solid tumors. The key safety concerns with CD3 bispecifics are excessive release of cytokines, which may translate to potentially life-threating cytokine release syndrome (CRS), target organ toxicity due to redirection of T-cells to normal tissues expressing the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) (off-tumor/on-target cytotoxicity), and, in some instances, neurotoxicity.
Toxicological Sciences, 2020
Sutherland VL, McQueen CA, Mendrick D, Gulezian D, Cerniglia C, Foley S, Forry S, Khare S, Liang X, Manautou JE, Tweedie D, Young H, Alekseyenko AV, Burns F, Dietert R, Wilson A, Chen C
There is an increasing awareness that the gut microbiome plays a critical role in human health and disease, but mechanistic insights are often lacking. In June 2018, HESI held a workshop, “The Gut Microbiome: Markers of Human Health, Drug Efficacy and Xenobiotic Toxicity” to identify data gaps in determining how gut microbiome alterations may affect human health. A series of key recommendations were formulated to focus efforts to further understand host-microbiome interactions and the consequences of exposure to xenobiotics as well as identifying biomarkers of microbiome-associated disease and toxicity.
Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 2020
Tan YM, Chan M, Chukwudebe A, Domoradzki J, Fisher J, Hack CE, Hinderliter P, Hirasawa K, Leonard J, Lumen A, Paini A, Qian H, Ruiz P, Wambaugh J, Zhang F, Embry M
Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling analysis does not stand on its own for regulatory purposes but is a robust tool to support drug/chemical safety assessment. While the development of PBPK models have grown steadily since their emergence, only a handful of models have been accepted to support regulatory purposes due to obstacles such as the lack of a standardized template for reporting PBPK analysis. Here, we expand the existing guidances designed for pharmaceutical applications by recommending additional elements that are relevant to environmental chemicals.
EMBO Molecular Medicine, 2020
Pettit SD, Jerome KR, Rouquie D, Mari B, Barbry P, Kanda Y, Matsumoto M, Hester S, Wehmas L, Botten JW, Bruce EA
Current demand for SARS‐CoV‐2 testing is straining material resource and labor capacity around the globe. As a result, the public health and clinical community are hindered in their ability to monitor and contain the spread of COVID‐19. Despite broad consensus that more testing is needed, pragmatic guidance towards realizing this objective has been limited. This paper addresses this limitation by proposing a novel and geographically agnostic framework (the 4Ps Framework) to guide multidisciplinary, scalable, resource‐efficient, and achievable efforts towards enhanced testing capacity. The 4Ps (Prioritize, Propagate, Partition, and Provide) are described in terms of specific opportunities to enhance the volume, diversity, characterization, and implementation of SARS‐CoV‐2 testing to benefit public health. Coordinated deployment of the strategic and tactical recommendations described in this framework have the potential to rapidly expand available testing capacity, improve public health decision‐making in response to the COVID‐19 pandemic, and/or to be applied in future emergent disease outbreaks.
