Protein Allergens, Toxins, and Bioinformatics (PATB) Committee

Mission Statement

The PATB is committed to advancing the scientific understanding of the relevant parameters defining allergenic proteins and protein toxins, and encouraging the development of reliable and accurate methodologies for characterizing the allergenic potential of novel proteins in order to leverage the potential of bioinformatics approaches in accomplishing these efforts.

Renaming the Committee: PATC to PATB

Formerly the Protein Allergenicity Technical Committee (PATC), the committee has adopted a new designation, the Protein Allergens, Toxins and Bioinformatics (PATB) Committee, to embrace a broader scope, expertise, interests, and collaborators in the fields of bioinformatics and protein toxins, while strengthening its core focus in allergenicity.

Working Groups

  • Celiac Disease

    Project initiated in October 2023. A call for participants was released by the committee during Summer 2023 and a team 10 participants from 9 organizations has been assembled. This pilot study will test the potential of microbial derived peptides to mimic gluten peptides in activating early events in the cascade triggering Celiac Disease, using organoid models derived from Celiac patients and healthy individuals. The committee is aiming to evaluate the clinical relevance of non-gluten peptides that share similarity with the disease-causing gluten peptides, in triggering Celiac disease. Experimental work will be conducted thanks to a collaboration with leading Celiac Disease experts at Massachusetts General Hospital.

  • Digestibility Working Group: Food Matrix Project

    This research project aims to study the impact of food matrices on the digestibility of proteins and complements the work completed on digestibility in vitro models, by testing whether protocols that take matrices into account would provide a better discrimination of allergens and nonallergens than protocols focusing on purified proteins in solution. In 2020, the experimental work was concluded. The data are being analyzed and a publication is planned in 2021.

  • Immunogenicity

    This working group aims to examine application of an in vitro protocol for identifying specific T-cells and antibodies from nonallergic and allergic patients to pairs of proteins from the same protein family but with different allergenicity. After some delays in the anticipated start date due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the project officially received the green light from the leading institution, Copenhagen University Hospital at Gentofte (Copenhagen, Denmark) in late 2020.

  • Protein Toxins Task Force

    The goals of the task force are to (1) investigate approaches for identifying protein toxins and (2) suggest specific guidelines to identify new protein toxins. In 2019, the task force undertook a literature review to identify current approaches being used and leading experts in the topic to design the workshop held in 2020. The workshop covered recent advances in protein toxins biology, described the use of computational biology for protein toxins identification and characterization with in silico approaches, and discussed the applicability of existing tools and resources for safety assessment of novel food biotechnology products.

  • COMPARE Allergen Database

    Development and annual update of a database of protein allergen sequences is ongoing. The eighth version of the database was released in January 2024. Throughout the year, the team re-initiates and conducts the 10-month-long process leading to the next annual update of the COMPARE Database. Visit COMPARE at https://comparedatabase.org for more details.

HESI Staff

Leadership Team

  • Ronald van Ree, PhD

    Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam

  • Andre Silvanovich, PhD

    Retired from Bayer CropScience

Committee Events

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Committee Publications

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A Multi-Laboratory Evaluation of a Common In Vitro Pepsin Digestion Assay Protocol Used in Assessing the Safety of Novel Proteins

Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 2004

Thomas K, Aalbers M, Bannon GA, Bartels M, Dearman RJ, Esdaile DJ, ...
  • HESI - Health and Environmental Sciences Institute

Evaluation of the potential allergenicity of proteins derived from genetically modified foods has involved a weight of evidence approach that incorporates an evaluation of protein digestibility in pepsin.

Read more

Agricultural Biotechnology Safety Assessment

Chinese Journal of Preventative Medicine, 2015

McClain S, Jones W, He X, Ladics G, Bartholomaeus A, Raybould A, ...
  • HESI - Health and Environmental Sciences Institute

Genetically modified (GM) crops were first introduced to farmers in 1995 with the intent to provide better crop yield and meet the increasing demand for food and feed.

Read more

Allergic Sensitization: Food- and Protein-Related Factors

Clinical and Translational Allergy, 2014

McClain S, Bowman C, Fernández-Rivas M, Ladics GS, Ree Rv
  • HESI - Health and Environmental Sciences Institute

Presented here are emerging capabilities to precisely measure endogenous allergens in soybean and maize, consideration of food matrices on allergens, and proteolytic activity of allergens.

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Allergic Sensitization: Host-Immune Factors

Clinical and Translational Allergy, 2014

van Ree R, Hummelshoj L, Plantinga M, Poulsen L, Swindle E
  • HESI - Health and Environmental Sciences Institute

Allergic sensitization is the outcome of a complex interplay between the allergen and the host in a given environmental context.

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Allergic Sensitization: Screening Methods

Clinical and Translational Allergy, 2014

Ladics GS, Fry J, Goodman R, Herouet-Guicheney C, ...
  • HESI - Health and Environmental Sciences Institute

Experimental in silico, in vitro, and rodent models for screening and predicting protein sensitizing potential are discussed, including whether there is evidence of new sensitizations and allergies since the introduction of genetically modified crops in 1996, the importance of linear versus conformational epitopes, and ...

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Assessment of Potential Adjuvanticity of Cry Proteins

Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 2016

Joshi SS, Barnett B, Doerrer NG, Glenn K, Herman RA, ...

Genetically modified (GM) crops have achieved success in the marketplace and their benefits extend beyond the overall increase in harvest yields to include lowered use of insecticides and decreased carbon dioxide emissions. The most widely grown GM crops contain gene/s for targeted insect protection, herbicide tolerance, or ...

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